Dna Analysis Systems on a Chip
نویسنده
چکیده
This paper presents a review of microfabricated systems for genetic diagnostics. Genetic diagnostics are powerful technology drivers and excellent candidate applications for miniaturization technologies because the demand for inexpensive genetic information is essentially unlimited, and the cost and time for the diagnostic decreases with sample volume. Processing of DNA molecules in the microscale hence requires the implementation of microfluidic devices capable of handling, mixing, thermal cycling, separating, and detecting nano and pico liter liquid samples. The paper discusses some of the fundamental macroscale protocols used for genetic analyses and how these processes scale down to microscopic volumes. The construction and performance of microfluidic devices for DNA amplification, separation, hybridization, and detection are discussed showing that so far no fundamental impediments exist for MEMS-based genetic diagnostics.
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